Paraphenylenediamine poisoning: clinical presentations and outcomes

Abstract

Background: Paraphenylenediamine (PPD), also known as Kaala pathar, has become an emerging and life threating source of poisoning in Pakistan as well as in many other Asian and African nations. The aim of this study is to recognize the etiological factors, clinical features and outcomes of patients with PPD poisoning.
Methodology: This observational prospective analytic study included 32 patients who presented in ICU of Nishtar Hospital, Multan. Patients were first managed conservatively by IV fluids, diuretics, antihistamines and steroids; tracheal intubation or tracheostomy was performed only if needed. Univariate analysis was used to determine the independent variables of mortality after PPD poisoning and odds ratios were calculated.