Post-intensive care syndrome (PICS): A call for continuity beyond discharge

Abstract

Innovations in Intensive Care Units (ICU) have increased survival rates, but several patients experience Post-Intensive Care Syndrome (PICS), which encompasses persistent physical, cognitive, and psychological disability. The research emphasizes the need to identify and treat PICS, as 25-60% of ICU survivors experience it. Lack of standardized diagnostic criteria or a follow-up system has resulted in continued disability and diminished quality of life in patients. The objective of this study was to analyze existing literature on PICS, define its prevalence, identify associated risk factors, and outline strategies for providing post-ICU care. Findings indicated high levels of muscle weakness, cognitive dysfunction, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder among survivors. The research concludes that post-discharge care gaps can be addressed through early rehabilitation, remote monitoring, mental health support, and patient-centered recovery plans, thereby improving long-term outcomes.

Keywords: Critical Illness; Intensive Care Units; Stress Disorders; Post-Traumatic; Cognitive Dysfunction; Rehabilitation

Citation: Khaliq H, Minhas M, Ahmed MAA. Post-intensive care syndrome (PICS): A call for continuity beyond discharge. Anaesth. pain intensive care 2025;29(6):441-43. DOI: 10.35975/apic.v29i6.2885

Received: May 14, 2025; Revised: July 11, 2025; Accepted: July 11, 2025